GLR1 / YPL091W Overview
- Standard Name
- GLR1 1
- Systematic Name
- YPL091W
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000006012
- Aliases
- LPG17
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- Description
- Cytosolic and mitochondrial glutathione oxidoreductase; converts oxidized glutathione to reduced glutathione; cytosolic Glr1p is the main determinant of the glutathione redox state of the mitochondrial intermembrane space; mitochondrial Glr1p has a role in resistance to hyperoxia; also detected in peroxisomes; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress 2 3 4 5 6 7
- Name Description
- GLutathione Reductase 1
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Summary
- Glr1p is 483 amino acids long, shorter-lived, low to moderate in abundance; contains 4 FAD-dependent pyridine nucleotide reductase signature domains and 9 pyridine nucleotide disulphide reductase class-I signature domains; acetylated on Met1 and 3 lysines, succinylated on 3 lysines, ubiquitinylated on 3 lysines, phosphorylated on 8 residues; Glr1p abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress
- Length (a.a.)
- 483
- Mol. Weight (Da)
- 53442.5
- Isoelectric Point
- 7.96
- Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
- 7994 +/- 3186
- Half-life (hr)
- 8.5
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all GLR1 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Glutathione-disulfide reductase involved in cell redox homeostasis, glutathione metabolism and protein glutathionylation; localizes to cytosol, nucleus and mitochondria
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in cell redox homeostasis (IMP)
- involved in cellular response to oxidative stress (IMP)
- involved in glutathione metabolic process (IMP)
- involved in protein glutathionylation (IGI)
Pathways
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- The GLR1 (YPL091W) gene exhibits several notable phenotypic changes in the glr1-Δ mutant, including a decreased budding index and increased cell size. Chemical accumulations show decreased levels of sulfide(2-) and increased levels of mercury(2+) and reactive oxygen species. The mutant demonstrates increased glutathione excretion but decreased chromosome/plasmid maintenance and competitive fitness. Resistance to hyperosmotic stress and various metals, particularly cadmium and mercury, is significantly reduced. Multiple oxidative stress resistance assays reveal decreased resilience to agents like hydrogen peroxide, dioxygen, and cadmium dichloride. There are abnormal protein distributions, an oxidized redox state, and a shortened replicative lifespan. Additionally, the glr1-Δ mutant exhibits decreased resistance to various chemicals and shows abnormal vacuolar morphology while remaining viable.
Classical Genetics
- overexpression
- null
- misexpression
- null
- chemical compound excretion: increased
- competitive fitness: decreased
- haploproficient
- hyperosmotic stress resistance: decreased
- metal resistance: decreased
- oxidative stress resistance: decreased
- redox state: abnormal
- replicative lifespan: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: increased
- vacuolar morphology: abnormal
- viable
- overexpression
Large-scale Survey
Disease
Disease Annotations consist of three mandatory components: a gene product, a term from the Disease Ontology (DO) controlled vocabulary and an evidence code. SGD provides manually curated DO Annotations derived from the literature. Click "Disease Details" to view all Disease information and evidence for this locus as well as diseases it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Yeast GLR1 is homologous to human PYROXD1 and has been used to study adult-onset limb-girdle-type muscular dystrophy
Manually Curated
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
- Summary
- Glr1p interacts physically with proteins involved in chemical response and rRNA processing; GLR1 interacts genetically with genes involved in chemical response and transcription
131 total interactions for 105 unique genes
Physical Interactions
- Affinity Capture-MS: 12
- Affinity Capture-RNA: 5
- Co-localization: 1
- Co-purification: 1
- Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS): 2
- PCA: 2
- Protein-peptide: 1
- Proximity Label-MS: 2
- Reconstituted Complex: 1
- Two-hybrid: 1
Genetic Interactions
- Dosage Rescue: 4
- Negative Genetic: 56
- Phenotypic Enhancement: 7
- Phenotypic Suppression: 4
- Positive Genetic: 13
- Synthetic Growth Defect: 6
- Synthetic Lethality: 4
- Synthetic Rescue: 9
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Regulators
- 6
- Targets
- 0
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 2024-11-08
Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review). Click "Literature Details" to view all literature information for this locus, including shared literature between genes.