AFG3 / YER017C Overview
- Standard Name
- AFG3 1
- Systematic Name
- YER017C
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000000819
- Aliases
- YTA10 6
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- Description
- Mitochondrial inner membrane m-AAA protease component; mediates degradation of misfolded or unassembled proteins; also required for correct assembly of mitochondrial enzyme complexes; involved in cytoplasmic mRNA translation and aging; expression of human homolog AFG3L2 can complement yeast yta12 afg3 double mutant 2 3 4 5
- Name Description
- ATPase Family Gene 1
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Length (a.a.)
- 761
- Mol. Weight (Da)
- 84557.7
- Isoelectric Point
- 9.69
- Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
- 3141 +/- 729
- Half-life (hr)
- 6.4
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all AFG3 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- ATPase and metallopeptidase of the inner mitochondrial membrane; subunit of the m-AAA complex involved in assembly of mitochondrial membrane protein complexes, degradation of nonassembled inner membrane proteins and processing of proteins imported into mitochondria
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
- enables ATP hydrolysis activity (IDA, IMP)
- enables metallopeptidase activity (IMP)
- enables zinc ion binding (RCA)
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in protein import into mitochondrial matrix (IMP)
- involved in protein-containing complex assembly (IMP)
- involved in signal peptide processing (IMP)
Cellular Component
- Manually Curated
- part of m-AAA complex (IDA)
- located in mitochondrial inner boundary membrane (IDA)
- located in mitochondrial inner membrane (IDA)
- located in mitochondrion (HDA)
Complex
Macromolecular complex annotations are imported from the Complex Portal. These annotations have been derived from physical molecular interaction evidence extracted from the literature and cross-referenced in the entry, or by curator inference from information on homologs in closely related species or by inference from scientific background.
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Non-essential gene; null mutant is unable to use nonfermentable carbon sources and has a lengthened replicative lifespan, although lifespan extension by caloric restriction is less than in wild type; null mutant displays increased resistance to oxidative and heat stress; null mutant accumulates decreased levels of cardiolipin in mitochondrial membranes; in large-scale studies, null mutant shows reduced competitive fitness and altered sensitivity to a variety of drugs
Classical Genetics
- null
- chemical compound accumulation: decreased
- innate thermotolerance: increased
- mitochondrial morphology: abnormal
- oxidative stress resistance: increased
- protein/peptide accumulation: decreased
- protein/peptide accumulation: increased
- replicative lifespan: decreased
- replicative lifespan: increased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: increased
- reduction of function
- null
- cell cycle progression in G1 phase: delayed
- chemical compound accumulation: decreased
- chronological lifespan: decreased
- competitive fitness: decreased
- desiccation resistance: decreased
- haploinsufficient
- heat sensitivity: increased
- innate thermotolerance: decreased
- mitochondrial genome maintenance: absent
- mitochondrial morphology: abnormal
- replicative lifespan: increased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: increased
- respiratory growth: absent
- respiratory growth: decreased rate
- stress resistance: increased
- toxin resistance: increased
- utilization of carbon source: decreased rate
- utilization of nitrogen source: decreased rate
- vegetative growth: decreased rate
- viable
Large-scale Survey
Disease
Disease Annotations consist of three mandatory components: a gene product, a term from the Disease Ontology (DO) controlled vocabulary and an evidence code. SGD provides manually curated DO Annotations derived from the literature. Click "Disease Details" to view all Disease information and evidence for this locus as well as diseases it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Yeast AFG3 is homologous to human AFG3L2 and SPG7, and has been used to study spinocerebellar ataxia type 28, hereditary spastic paraplegia, and hereditary optic atrophy
Manually Curated
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
277 total interactions for 207 unique genes
Physical Interactions
- Affinity Capture-MS: 40
- Affinity Capture-RNA: 6
- Affinity Capture-Western: 15
- Co-crystal Structure: 1
- Co-fractionation: 1
- Co-purification: 1
- Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS): 2
- PCA: 1
- Proximity Label-MS: 1
- Two-hybrid: 1
Genetic Interactions
- Dosage Rescue: 5
- Negative Genetic: 144
- Phenotypic Enhancement: 5
- Phenotypic Suppression: 4
- Positive Genetic: 32
- Synthetic Growth Defect: 12
- Synthetic Lethality: 2
- Synthetic Rescue: 4
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Summary
- AFG3 encodes a mitochondrial ATP-dependent metallopeptidase. Afg3p forms a heterooligomeric protein complex with Yta12p called the m-AAA protease complex, which is composed of multiple copies of Afg3p and Yta12p and localized in the mitochondrial inner membrane. The m-AAA complex mediates the turnover of misfolded and nonassembled polypeptides, acting as a quality control system that ensures proper folding and functionality of protein complexes embedded in the mitochondrial membrane and, therefore, is essential for respiratory competence. The m-AAA complex is also required for processing of the the mitochondrial ribosomal protein MrpL32p, indicating that Afg3p and Yta12p play a role in regulation of mitochondrial translation. Afg3p has also been implicated in regulation of cytoplasmic translation, ER stress resistance, and in modulation of cell longevity. Human homologs of AFG3 and YTA12, AFG3L2 and SPG7 (paraplegin), respectively, are implicated in etiology of spinocerebellar ataxias and the expression of both human SPG7 and AFG3L2 complements yeast yta12 afg3 double mutation.
- Regulators
- 6
- Targets
- 0
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review). Click "Literature Details" to view all literature information for this locus, including shared literature between genes.