WTM2 / YOR229W Overview
- Standard Name
- WTM2 1
- Systematic Name
- YOR229W
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000005755
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- Description
- Transcriptional modulator; involved in regulation of meiosis, silencing, and expression of RNR genes; involved in response to replication stress; contains WD repeats; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; WTM2 has a paralog, UME1, that arose from the whole genome duplication 1 2 3 4
- Name Description
- WD repeat containing Transcriptional Modulator 1
- Paralog
- UME1 3
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
- Summary
- WTM2/YOR229W is located on the right arm of chromosome XV between ETC7 matrix attachement site and WTM1 transcription modulator; coding sequence is 1404 nucleotides long with 11 SNPs, 2 of which lead to amino acid polymorphisms, and a 12-nucleotide in-frame deletion in strains SK1 and Y55; WTM2 has a paralog, UME1, that arose from the whole genome duplication
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Summary
- Wtm2p is 467 amino acids long, low in abundance, and shorter-lived; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia
- Length (a.a.)
- 467
- Mol. Weight (Da)
- 51926.5
- Isoelectric Point
- 4.62
- Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
- 3364 +/- 1098
- Half-life (hr)
- 8.3
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all WTM2 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Sequence-specifc DNA-binding transcription factor that represses chromatin silencing and meiotic transcription; involved in the response to DNA damage
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
- enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (IMP, IDA)
- enables protein binding (IPI)
- enables transcription corepressor activity (IDA)
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in DNA damage response (IMP)
- involved in meiotic cell cycle (IGI)
- involved in negative regulation of silent mating-type cassette heterochromatin formation (IGI)
- involved in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (IGI)
- involved in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (IMP, IDA, IGI)
- involved in protein-containing complex localization (IMP)
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Non-essential gene; null mutant has increased chronological lifespan, increased competitive fitness in minimal medium, decreased heat sensitivity; heterozygous diploid null has decreased starvation resistance; overexpression is lethal
Classical Genetics
- overexpression
- null
- null
- overexpression
Large-scale Survey
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
- Summary
- Wtm2p interacts physically with proteins involved in transcription; WTM2 interacts genetically with genes involved in trancription and chemical response; the wtm2 null mutant is viable; the null mutant of paralog ume1 is viable; the wtm2 ume1 double mutant has not been annotated for phenotype
91 total interactions for 69 unique genes
Physical Interactions
- Affinity Capture-MS: 15
- Affinity Capture-RNA: 4
- Affinity Capture-Western: 5
- Biochemical Activity: 1
- Co-localization: 1
- Co-purification: 3
- PCA: 2
- Two-hybrid: 13
Genetic Interactions
- Dosage Growth Defect: 2
- Dosage Lethality: 2
- Dosage Rescue: 3
- Negative Genetic: 25
- Positive Genetic: 14
- Synthetic Growth Defect: 1
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Summary
- WTM2 encodes a transcriptional modulator of the WD40 repeat family. Wtm2p and its paralog Wtm1p act as both positive and negative regulators, depending on context. They positively regulate silenced genes at HM loci and telomeres, but negatively regulate the meiotic gene IME2 and ribonucleotide reductase RNR1. In the case of the RNR2, RNR3, and RNR4 ribonucleotide reductase genes, WTM1 and WTM2 amplify expression in response to inhibited replication. Wtm1p and Wtm2p may participate in chromatin remodeling to regulate transcription at other loci.
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 2024-06-24
Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review). Click "Literature Details" to view all literature information for this locus, including shared literature between genes.